Diagnosis:

To diagnose Piles, a Urologist may need to take a physical examination. They will examine the anus and ask the following questions:

• Anyone in close relation has suffered from piles?
• Any presence of blood or mucus in stool?
• What color of stool noticed recently?
• Has bowel movement changed?

For Internal piles, the doctor may perform an internal digital rectal examination (DRE) or use a proctoscope for physical examination. A proctoscope is a hollow tube with light that helps the doctor to examine anal health. Proctoscope can collect a small tissue sample from the rectum for examination.

The urologist may recommend colonoscopy, for examination of the colon, to identify the cause of piles or any other digestive system disease. They may also perform a colonoscopy to confirm colorectal cancer in piles patients.

Treatments:

In the majority of cases, piles are treated themselves. However, some treatments can treat piles significantly and reduce pain and discomfort, and itching.

Treatment by a change in lifestyle:

A urologist may recommend you for a sudden change in your lifestyle. Change in diet and body weight is the primary change a doctor might recommend initially.

Changes in body Weight: A urologist will recommend losing weight, to reduce strain in the stool. Exercising and Yoga are very helpful in relieving pain.

Changes in Diet: To keep the stool soft and regular to avoid constipation and straining of stool, a Urologist will ask you to eat more fibers, fruits, and vegetables or breakfast cereals.

Treatment by Medication:

• Over-the-counter (OTC) medications: These medications are available online. Medications like painkillers, ointments, creams, and pads, that can help to soothe tenderness and swelling around the anus. These remedies may not cure piles but they can help in reducing the symptoms.
• Corticosteroids: They reduce pain and inflammation.
• Laxatives: Precescribed to those who are suffering from constipation while having piles. It increases the slime in the stool to make it pass easily.

Treatment by Surgical procedure:

Around 5- 10 people with piles will end up needing surgery.

• Banding: The doctor inserts an elastic band around the line of the pile, stopping its blood supply. After a few days, the piles fall off. This is effective for treating all piles of less than grade IV.
• Sclerotherapy: Medicine is injected to shrink hemorrhoids in the anus. The piles eventually shrivel up. This is efficient for grade II and III piles.
• Infrared coagulation: Also known as infrared light coagulation, a medical device is used to burn the pile's tissue. This technique is effective to treat grade I and II piles.
• Hemorrhoidectomy: The excess tissue that causes the bleeding is medically removed. This type of surgery is the most efficient for completely removing piles, but there is a risk of infection and complications, including passing stools, as well as urinary tract infections.
• Hemorrhoid stapling: Blood flow is blocked to the pile's tissue. This treatment is usually less painful than hemorrhoidectomy. However, this treatment can lead to an increased risk of piles recurrence and rectal prolapse.